tooth decay:
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Dental caries means that it is a localized pathological process of external source that appears after The appearance of teeth accompanied by softness in the hard tissue of the tooth and develops to the occurrence of a cavity in the tooth, and the appearance of the injury varies according to its location, whether it is the caries of holes and cracks, the caries of smooth surfaces, or the decay of the cement surfaces of the exposed roots, and it seems that the pathological process is not the same in the three cases.
One of the complications of tooth decay is the inability of the tooth to perform its function, which is to bite, chew and grind food, which leads to poor digestion, which in turn leads to infectious infections as a result of the inability to chew well food in the mouth, which is the first stage of the stages of digesting food, and the inability to chew well food leads to abstaining from eating Plenty of good food for the body, such as some types of vegetables and fruits, and this may contribute to a deficiency in some nutrients. And tooth decay helps to cause infections of the gums, mouth, kidneys, joints, tonsils, and bad breath.
Causes of tooth decay :
Micro-organisms: The
role played by microorganisms in the mouth in tooth decay is still mysterious
and it is believed that some types of bacteria convert sugar in the mouth into
acids that slowly dissolve the enamel layer, which results in the appearance of
small cracks. As soon as a crack occurs in the enamel layer, bacteria pass
through this layer and begin to break down the layer of dentin underneath. And
the arrival of bacteria to the dentin layer means that the tooth has become in
a state of decay, and if this case is not treated, the germs reach the pulp of
the tooth and cause an infection called myelitis, which causes severe pain in
the teeth.
Food components: Food
affects the teeth in two ways, the first at the beginning of the formation of
teeth before the appearance of permanent teeth, and the second method is
localized, that is, after the appearance of permanent teeth, and in this case
the type of food, especially the one that contains sugar is the most important
factor. Despite the common saying that starchy materials cause decay, this
depends on the type of starchy materials, for example, rice, potatoes and bread
have a little effect on the occurrence of caries, as well as fresh fruits, but
adding sugar to these foods increases their susceptibility to caries, and many
epidemiological studies have proven that the amount and frequency Eating sugary
food is related to the development of caries, the more and the more frequent
this song is consumed, the greater the possibility of decay. It is believed
that the important reason for the spread of tooth decay in children in
developing countries is the increased intake of sweets and the lack of fresh
vegetables and fruits.
The structural and healthy state of the tooth: This includes the hardness and strength of the tooth tissue, the degree of calcification and its quality, and all this affects the degree of storage of foreign substances in the tooth tissue such as acids. Likewise, the smoothness and roughness of the tooth's dentin and the presence of pits and cracks in it. The more smooth and few or no cracks, the less chance of caries.
The condition of the gums and the pathological mouth: Oral and gum infections help to tooth decay, as the roots of the teeth are exposed as a result of atrophy and retraction of the gums and thus the tooth becomes sensitive to cold, hot and acidic fluids even to touch the brush. Caries process .
The shape and location of the tooth in the jaw: In general, the front teeth (incisors and canines) are less likely to be affected by decay than other teeth. Decay occurs more when there are bends, pits and cracks in the tooth, and less on smooth surfaces. Also, decay occurs in places that are far from brushing, such as the areas between the teeth.
The formation of saliva: If the saliva is sticky, its quantity is low and has weak alkalinity, then it helps with decay, but if it is thick and watery, it helps to clean and wash the teeth, so it removes waste from the mouth quickly and easily.
Primary foundations for disease prevention and control :
- Be sure to consume foods rich in calcium, phosphorous and vitamin D, especially when Children and adolescents, and among the best sources of calcium is milk and dairy products. As for phosphorus, it is found in many foods, including grains and meats. As for vitamin D, it is found in fish oil and milk that is fortified with vitamin D.
- Reduce the intake of sugary substances, and when eating them try to be with the meal and not between meals, as eating other songs such as meat and vegetables helps to clean the teeth of sugars that stick to the teeth, and sugar substitutes can be used to sweeten some foods instead of sugar, but these alternatives are not recommended. Continuously.
- Eat fresh fruits and vegetables daily, as they help clean teeth and contain natural sugars
- Care to clean your teeth after every meal and try to wash your mouth and teeth with water And rinse when you eat any sugary foods between meals, such as soft drinks and sweets.
- Make sure to eat foods rich in vitamins A, B complex, and C, because vitamin A is important for the formation of the enamel layer. Vitamin C is also important for the function and development of this layer, in addition to its importance for gum health. The B complex vitamins aids in the maintenance and formation of tissues in the mouth and appear to aid in the repair and growth of tissue in the gums. Carrots, liver, mango, papaya and milk fortified with this vitamin are among the best sources of vitamin A. B complex vitamins are found in abundance in liver, whole grains, wheat germ and dairy products. Among the best sources of vitamin C are guava, citrus fruits, tomatoes, green peppers, pineapples and papayas.
- Eating adequate amounts of protein-rich foods is important for the manufacture of enamel and dentin, and the best protein amounts include meat, fish, chicken, dairy products, and nuts.
- Be sure to eat foods that contain the element fluorine, and fluorine is the most important factor in fighting tooth decay, especially when teeth grow, and some countries add fluorine to water, but this does not apply in most Arab countries, and studies have shown that bottled water (or what is called With mineral water) it also does not contain an adequate percentage of fluorine, and dependence on this water for drinking may contribute to tooth decay when the food consumed is poor in the element of fluorine.
- In the case of a pregnant woman, she must take care of a complete food that contains the main elements for the body and the growth of teeth.
- Use toothpaste that contains fluorine to help get an adequate amount of fluorine.
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